Which term describes the duty of subordinates to take action within constraints?

The term that best describes the duty of subordinates to take action within constraints is "Disciplined Initiative." This concept emphasizes the importance of empowering subordinates to make decisions and take actions based on their understanding of the mission and the environment, while still adhering to the established constraints and guidelines provided by higher authorities.

Disciplined Initiative fosters a proactive approach where leaders at lower levels analyze situations and respond appropriately, utilizing their judgment to achieve mission objectives. This is particularly crucial in dynamic environments where conditions can change rapidly and where immediate decision-making can be the difference between success and failure.

In contrast, while "Mission Command" refers to the overarching philosophy that prioritizes decentralized decision-making and the intent of higher command, it does not specifically focus on the actions of subordinates within constraints. "Decentralized Execution" is related but more broad, focusing on the distribution of decision-making power rather than the immediate actions taken by subordinates. "Operational Planning" refers to the process of organizing and strategizing for missions but does not directly address subordinate action within constraints.