Which of the following is a disadvantage of a Professional Standing Army?

The correct choice identifies that one of the disadvantages of a professional standing army is that its members can potentially be seen as social outcasts. This phenomenon may arise due to various factors, including the unique lifestyle and operational commitments of military personnel. Members of a standing army often have demanding schedules that can limit their availability for social interactions outside the military community. Additionally, the values and experiences instilled in military service may lead to feelings of alienation from civilian peers, making it challenging for these service members to relate to individuals who do not share similar experiences or backgrounds.

In contrast, the other options highlight characteristics that are beneficial rather than disadvantageous. Highly disciplined members are crucial for maintaining order and efficiency in military operations. The availability of standard arms ensures that a professional standing army is equipped with the necessary tools for defense and operational effectiveness. Effective long-term service indicates stability and continuity within the military structure, contributing to an experienced and prepared force. These aspects underscore the strengths of a professional standing army rather than its drawbacks.