What technological advancement replaced the touch-hole?

The technological advancement that replaced the touch-hole is Flintlock Technology. The flintlock mechanism offered significant improvements over earlier firing systems, such as the matchlock.

Flintlock technology utilized a piece of flint that would create a spark when struck against a steel frizzen, igniting the gunpowder in the pan and firing the weapon. This system eliminated the need for a slow-burning match that could be susceptible to weather conditions and did not require the user to keep a flame, making it much more efficient and reliable in combat situations.

With the introduction of flintlock mechanisms, firearms became easier to load and fire, improving the overall rate of fire and reliability. The transition to flintlocks not only enhanced the practicality of firearms but also represented a significant leap in military technology during its time.