What is included in the operational environment (OE)?

The operational environment (OE) encompasses the various conditions, circumstances, and influences that can affect military capabilities. This includes factors such as the physical terrain, the presence or absence of adversaries, the capabilities of friendly forces, and the dynamics of the operational landscape as a whole. Understanding these elements is crucial for military planning and execution, as they help determine how forces can effectively operate and achieve their objectives in a given area.

While political agendas, economic policies, cultural practices, and societal norms can influence the operational environment, they are more specific factors that may fall under the broader conditions and circumstances of the OE. Strategies of enemy forces in conflict zones would also be critical to consider, but they are specific aspects rather than a comprehensive depiction of the entire operational environment. The correct option captures the holistic view of what the OE entails, leading to better strategic and tactical decisions in military operations.